Аналіз динамічних навантажень у пружному елементі безредукторної ліфтової лебідки

Abstract

Виконано аналіз динамічних навантажень у пружному елементі інноваційної безредукторної ліфтової лебідки з тихохідним безколекторним двигуном постійного струму з дисковим ротором. Визначено характер перехідної характеристики вала лебідки. Знайдено найбільш несприятливий динамічний вплив на пружну ланку лебідки, та максимальний пружний момент, що прикладається до вихідного вала двигуна.

The advantages of gearless elevator winches are defined as compactness and reduction of dimensions, growth of efficiency, useful redistribution of weight ratio of cargo and other moving mass, possibility of recuperation of significant energy values. An analysis of dynamic loads in an elastic element of an innovative non-gear lift winch with a slow-moving DC motor with a disk rotor, which was developed at the Odessa National Polytechnic University, is made. The calculated equivalent and structural two-mass scheme of the elevator system is compiled. The analysis is carried out analytically at given variables and without taking into account the absence of the relationship between mechanical and electromagnetic processes in the elements of the winch. To research the properties and capabilities of a gearless lift winch, the real kinematic scheme of the electric drive of the lift mechanism is replaced by a two-mass calculated equivalent scheme, taking into account the elastic connection. The assumption that the torque of a slow-moving, non-collector engine and its speed are independent functions of time, and their given values are precisely supported by the control system is taken. Taking into account that motor disturbances are temporary functions that slowly change over time, it is allowed to limit the static load moment to the maximum value. It is determined that with a great fading, the transition characteristic of the winch shaft has an aperiodic character. The adverse effect will be the maximum load of the lift mechanism, which causes the greatest deformation of the elastic link winch. It is determined that the most adverse dynamical effect on the elastic link of the winch is the sinusoidal effect on the part of the lifting mechanism or slow-moving engine. An unfavorable dynamic effect changes its sign in the course of the time interval, equal to the half-period of its own cyclic oscillations. The maximum elastic moment applied to the output shaft of the engine or to the receiving end of the rope-bearing pulley is observed with the prolonged impact of the disturbing load moment. This mode, as the worst, should be taken into account when designing elevators and must be fixed in regulatory documents. The obtained results can form the basis for the design of modern elevator systems to improve their performance and reliability.

Выполнен анализ динамических нагрузок в упругом элементе инновационной безредукторной лифтовой лебёдки с тихоходным бесколлекторным двигателем постоянного тока с дисковым ротором. Определён характер переходной характеристики вала лебёдки. Найдено наименее благоприятное динамическое влияние на упругое звено лебёдки и максимальный упругий момент,прикладываемый к выходному валу двигателя.